Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System and a Multilayer Perceptron Model Trained with Grey Wolf Optimizer for Predicting Solar Diffuse Fraction

The accurate prediction of the solar diffuse fraction (DF), sometimes called the diffuse ratio, is an important topic for solar energy research. In the present study, the current state of Diffuse irradiance research is discussed and then three robust, machine learning (ML) models are examined using a large dataset (almost eight years) of hourly readings from Almeria, Spain. The ML models used herein, are a hybrid adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), a single multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and a hybrid multi-layer perceptron grey wolf optimizer (MLP-GWO). These models were evaluated for their predictive precision, using various solar and DF irradiance data, from Spain. The results were then evaluated using frequently used evaluation criteria, the mean absolute error (MAE), mean error (ME) and the root mean square error (RMSE). The results showed that the MLP-GWO model, followed by the ANFIS model, provided a higher performance in both the training and the testing procedures.     

Impurity-related optical response in a 2D and 3D quantum dot with Gaussian confinement under intense laser field

ABSTRACT

Using the two-dimensional (2D) diagonalisation method, the impurity-related electronic states and optical response in a 2D quantum dot with Gaussian confinement potential under nonresonant intense laser field are investigated. The effects of a hydrogenic impurity on the energy spectrum and binding energy of the electron and also intersubband optical absorption are calculated. The obtained numerical results show that the degeneracies of the excited electron states are broken and the absorption spectrum exhibits a redshift with the values of the laser field. The findings indicate a new degree of freedom to tune the performance of novel optoelectronic devices, based on the quantum dots and to control their specific properties by means of intense laser field and hydrogenic donor impurity. Using the same Gaussian confinement model, the electronic properties of a confined electron in the region of a spherical quantum dot are studied under the combined effects of on-centre donor impurity and a linearly polarised intense laser radiation. The three-dimensional problem is used to theoretically model, with very good agreement, some experimental findings reported in the literature related to the photoluminescence peak energy transition.     

Enhancing optomechanical force sensing via precooling and quantum noise cancellation

We theoretically investigate optomechanical force sensing via precooling and quantum noise cancellation in two coupled cavity optomechanical systems.We show that force sensing based on the reduction of noise can be used to dramatically enhance the force sensing and that the precooling process can eifectively improve the quantum noise cancellation.Specifically,we examine the effect of optomechanical cooling and noise reduction on the spectral density of the noise of the force measurement;these processes can significantly enhance the performance of optomechanical force sensing,and setting up the system in the resolved sideband regime can lead to an optimization of the cooling processes in a hybrid system.Such a scheme serves as a promising platform for quantum back-action-evading measurements of the motion and a framework for an optomechanical force sensor.     

Efficient Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Well-Type Thick-Shell CdxZn1−xS/CdSe/CdyZn1−yS Quantum Dots

Device grade quantum dots (QDs) require QDs ensembles to retain their original superior optical properties as in solution. QDs with thick shells are proven effective in suppressing the inter-dot interaction and preserving the emission properties for QDs solids. However, lattice strain–induced defects may form as the shell grows thicker, resulting in a notable photoluminescence quenching. Herein, a well-type Cd_xZn_1−xS/CdSe/Cd_yZn_1−yS QDs is proposed, where ternary alloys CdZnS are adopted to match the lattice parameter of intermediate CdSe by separately adjusting the x and y parameters. The resultant thick-shell Cd_0.5Zn_0.5S/CdSe/Cd_0.73Zn_0.27S QDs reveal nonblinking properties with a high PL QY of 99% in solution and 87% in film. The optimized quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) exhibit a luminance of 31547.5 cd m⁻² at the external quantum efficiency maximum of 21.2% under a bias of 4.0 V. The shell thickness shows great impact on the degradation of the devices. The T₅₀ lifetime of the QLEDs with 11.2 nm QDs reaches 251 493 h, which is much higher than that of 6.5 and 8.4 nm QDs counterparts. The performances of the well-type thick-shell QLEDs are comparable to state-of-the-art devices, suggesting that this type of QDs is a promising candidate for efficient optoelectronic devices.     

Optimal spectral phase control of femtosecond laser-induced up-conversion luminescence in Sm^3+:NaYF4 glass

The spectral phase of the femtosecond laser field is an important parameter that affects the up-conversion(UC)luminescence efficiency of dopant lanthanide ions.In this work,we report an experi-mental study on controlling the UC lmiiinescence efficiency in Sm^3+:NaYF4 glass by 800-nm femtosec-ond laser pulse shaping using spectral phase modulation.The optimal phase control strategy efficiently enhances or suppresses the UC luminescence intensity.Based on the laser-power dependence of the UC luminescence intensity and its comparison with the luminescence spectrum under direct 266-nm fem-tosecond lciser irradiation,we propose herein an excitation model combining non-resonant two-photon absorption with resonance-media ted three-photon absorption to explain the experimental observations.     

Electrochemical synthesis of α,α-dihaloacetophenones from terminal alkyne derivatives

By virtue of electrochemistry, a series of α,α-dihaloacetophenones were easily obtained with good to excellent yields. This electrochemical procedure was taken in a divided cell with constant current in aqueous media. The reaction can be carried out smoothly at room temperature under metal and oxidant free condition, which provides an eco-friendly synthesis for the α,α-dihaloacetophenone derivatives.     

丹酚酸A 对H2O2 所致大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞氧化损伤保护的实验研究

目的 观察丹酚酸A 对H2O2所致大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞（RCMECs）氧化损伤的保护作用，并探讨其可能的作用机 制。方法 分离并培养大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞，用H2 O2 损伤的方法建立氧自由基损伤模型。采用丹酚酸A 进行干预后，分别测定细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性、血栓素B2（TXB2）水平、6- 酮基前列腺素1α（6-keto-PGF1α）的含量，以及细胞内和培养液中脂质过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性。结果 H2O2致RCMECs 氧化损伤后，细胞LDH 释放水平、TXB2和MDA 的含量均明显增加，同时6-keto-PGF1α 含量和SOD 活性显著下降；而丹酚酸A 预处理后能呈浓度依赖性的降低RCMECs 氧化损伤后LDH 水平、TXB2含量和细胞内外的MDA 含量，提高受损细胞6-keto-PGF1α 的表达和细胞内外SOD 活性。结论 丹酚酸A 对H2O2所致RCMECs 氧化损伤具有保护作用，其机制可能与其抗氧化作用有关。     

Defects related emission and nanosecond optical power limiting in CuS quantum dots

We report optical and nonlinear optical properties of CuS quantum dots and nanoparticles prepared through a nontoxic, green, one-pot synthesis method. The presence of surface states and defects in the quantum dots are evident from the luminescent behavior and enhanced nonlinear optical properties measured using the open aperture Z-scan, employing 5 ns laser pulses at 532 nm. The quantum dots exhibit large effective third order nonlinear optical coefficients with a relatively lower optical limiting threshold of 2.3 J cm⁻², and the optical nonlinearity arises largely from absorption saturation and excited state absorption. Results suggest that these materials are potential candidates for designing efficient optical limiters with applications in laser safety devices.     

Towards Polysulfuric Acids: The Hydrogentrisulfate Anion [HS3O10]− in A[HS3O10] (A=Na,K, Rb)

The reaction of Na₂SO₄ and K₂SO₄ with fuming sulfuric acid (65 % SO₃) yielded colorless extremely sensitive crystals of Na[HS₃O₁₀] (monoclinic; P2₁/n (No. 14); Z=4; a=707.36(2), b=1378.56(4), c=848.10(3) pm; β=94.817(1)°; V=824.09(4) ? 10⁶ pm³) and K[HS₃O₁₀] (orthorhombic; Pccn (No. 56); Z=4; a=1057.16(3), b=807.81(2), c=897.57(2) pm; V=766.51(3) ? 10⁶ pm³). The analogous rubidium compound Rb[HS₃O₁₀] (orthorhombic; Pnma (No. 62); Z=4; a=891.43(3), b=1095.34(4), c=839.37(3) pm; V=819.58(5) ? 10⁶ pm³) originates from the reaction of Rb₂CO₃ and SO₃. All of the different structures contain the hitherto unknown anion [HS₃O₁₀]^? and are stamped by strong hydrogen bonds linking the anions either to dimers or chains. Theoretical investigations by DFT methods give further insight in the structural characteristics of [HS₃O₁₀]^?. The preparation of the [HS₃O₁₀]^? anion can be seen as an important milestone on our way to the still elusive polysulfuric acids.